Microbial testing is a crucial part of food testing, primarily used to assess the hygiene status of food and potential food safety risks. Common microbial testing methods include:

• Bacterial Culture: Detecting the quantity of microorganisms in food by cultivating specific bacteria.
• Fluorescent Quantitative PCR: Rapid detection using fluorescence-labeled PCR technology.
• Immunological Testing: Such as ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and immunodiffusion methods, used to detect specific pathogens.